by humans. a form of diffusion in which a cultural adaptation is created as a result of the introduction of a cultural trait from another place. City-state: A small sovereign state that is made up of a town or city and the surrounding area. Now, archaeologists report the discovery of the most ancient known hearth for making and using fire. It is also the hearth area for several of the world's major religions. . $$ At the center of the home, the hearth provides warmth and LIGHT, food and protection. . AP Human Geography: Chapter 4- Language - Flashcards Get access to high-quality and unique 50 000 college essay examples and more than 100 000 flashcards and test answers from around the world! 1. $$ . & 48,000\\ . In the Indus River Valley, large amounts of rainfall and flooding created excellent conditions for farming. . . . Sumerians settled in Mesopotamia around 4500 B.C., building villages around farming communities in the area. Agricultural hearths were also areas where the earliest urban civilizations developed. While walking the Golden Globes 2023 red carpet on Tuesday, Butler, 31, extended a kind message to Jacob Elordi, who is set to star as Elvis Presley in writer-director Sofia Coppola's upcoming movie . Certain cultural traits wont be adopted by another culture depending on the receiving cultures values. .} Each grew in its hearth before diffusing to other areas. the idea that the farther away from its hearth a culture trait gets, the less likely it is to be adopted or have an impact. Historically, areas where major agricultural hearths developed were also where early urban civilizations first began. . Off-Grid Dream Life & Amazing Garden All Started With a $2,000 Tiny House Truck! . . The word hearth has Indo-European roots. . . . Southwestern Asia (soft wheat) Ethiopian and East African Highlands (hard wheat) Rice. , What is an example of a contemporary cultural hearth? These can withstand high temperatures without cracking or posing a fire hazard. . . A cultural region is a region with people who share common cultural characteristics. . Nick Bosch has prepared the following list of statements about bonds. . What is the definition of human skills? & 45,000\\ . From these areas, cultures spread (diffused) outward, carried by people involved in trade, travel, conquest or immigration. What is an example of hearth in human geography? That's one reason people aren't rushing . Supplies on hand on November $30$ were $\$3,100$.\ A teacher walks into the Classroom and says If only Yesterday was Tomorrow Today would have been a Saturday Which Day did the Teacher make this Statement? Additionally, cotton and beans were primary crops in Mexico while Peru focused on potatoes. They make the fireplace area a safe place and also prevent fire hazards. Use the following list to make sure you are prepared for any topic that may show up on your exam! - YouTube. . . This relates to the important concept of the spreading of ideas from one area to another (diffusion). The large family community started to form during this time often with a confrontation between each other in pursuit of neighbor's cattle. Be perfectly prepared on time with an individual plan. 5. \text{Accounts Receivable . Population. . . Standard thickness is 2 (2-1/4 for bullnose). . Around 7500 BC permanent settlements began to appear, the sorghum and yams were cultivated, adding each following century a new agro-culture. Cartographic Scale (Map Scale) Also called map scale refers to the ration between distance on a map and the actual distance on the earth's surface. Questions and Answers. . It also includes the study of settlement patterns and political . All maps, graphics, flags, photos and original descriptions 2023 worldatlas.com, Belarusian Culture The Culture Of Belarus. . Control of fire provided a new tool with several usesincluding cooking, which led to a fundamental change in the early human diet. The main agricultural hearths are in the Fertile Crescent or present-day Southwest Asia, Sub-Saharan Africa, Indus River Valley, Southeast Asia, East Asia, and Mesoamerica. Generally a modern cultural hearth is a highly populated city in an extremely wealthy and culturally influential country (i.e. their environment. & \underline{\underline{450,000}} & \underline{\underline{450,000}} The Hidden Discrimination Against American Roma, The 10 Largest Football Stadiums in the World (Soccer). . . . . It is renowned for its beautiful lobby with Tiffany glass ceiling, Grueby and Minton tiles, and original fireplace, hearth and mantle mirror. . Unit 1: Thinking Geographically interpret and analyze different types of geographic data Hinduism is the world's oldest religion, according to many scholars, with roots and customs dating back more than 4,000 years. Early river valleys served as hearths of their respective cultures and agriculture: Mesopotamia (Tigris and Euphrates), Egypt (Nile), Indus (Indus), and China (Huang He/Yellow). . describe the geography of a state, for example the geographical . } . On a microscale, a hearth is a center point of a home, originally the location of the fireplace where food can be prepared and shared. In the ancient past major cultures began in an area called a cultural hearth. . Secured bonds have specifi c assets of the issuer pledged as collateral for the bonds. Does Berkekey accept transcripts with a W on it. The Latest Innovations That Are Driving The Vehicle Industry Forward. . . . , What two areas are the hearths of the world's five primary religions? The most influential crop that came from the Americas was maize, commonly called corn, one of the most researched crops in the world. . . Crash Course Geography #4, AP Human Geography Lecture Notes Unit 5 Agrilcultural Hearth. 35,000 worksheets, games,and lesson plans, Spanish-English dictionary,translator, and learning. 6. Beliefs, customs, and traditions of a specific group of people, An example of culture trait of Muslim societies. . It is typically used in farmhouses throughout rural Japan. referred to as "people skills". . Arab Muslim forces conquered vast territories and built imperial structures over time. . . Each group should come up with one example of diffusion for each of the four different types of scale: local, regional, and global. photographic interpretation. . Have all your study materials in one place. . . . A fireplace hearth was traditionally used for both heating and cooking for many centuries. The authors therefore suggest a single origin of domesticated rice in far southern China, followed by dispersal to Southeast Asia and hybridization with local O. rufipogon. As early as 8500 BC the domestication of cattle in eastern Sudan took place, which at the beginning was a form of nomadic pastoralism. Definition. In Latin America, major hearths emerged in areas now known as Mexico and Peru. . Hearth: The region from which innovative ideas originate. The earliest hearths are at least 790,000 years old, and some researchers think cooking may reach back more than 1.5 million years. . Roughly 95 percent of the world's Hindus live in India. Hearth is the part of the fireplace in homes and halls which is brick or stone-lined. India, Middle East, North Africa. Wheat, barley, and oats were cultivated in, is still disputed but its earliest origins were in Mesoamerica (Mexico and Peru), a network of trade routes connecting Asia, the Middle East, and Europe together, Sumerians in the Fertile Crescent used these inventions to assist them in farming practices. . This relates to the important concept of the spreading of ideas from one area to another (diffusion). . This was the amalgam of traditions set forth for many centuries to come which has begun with the emergence of agriculture in the fertile soils of Mesopotamia around 8000 BC. Only $\$4,000$ of the services was provided between November $1$ and November $30$.\ Set individual study goals and earn points reaching them. How to Market Your Business with Webinars? The definition of a hearth is a fireplace or the area in front of or surrounding a fireplace. methods you can interview the population about their relation to &\textbf{Debit} & \textbf{Credit}\\ . . . of the users don't pass the Agricultural Hearths quiz! SPACE The physical gap or distance between two objects. Copyright 2023 Vocabulary.com, Inc., a division of IXL Learning Today's modern culture hearths are places such as the United States and world cities like London and Tokyo. For example, describing what plants grow best in an. Relocation diffusion: The spreading of a custom when people move; language tends to be spread through relocation diffusion. . a stone forming a hearth. The seven original cultural hearths are located in: Mesopotamia, Nile Valley and the Indus Valley, Wei-Huang Valley, Ganges Valley, Mesoamerica, West Africa, Andean America. Fig. The term was used specifically by Carl Saver. In the modern world, we can see this through the diffusion of industrial and scientific farming techniques. Which region is considered the hearth of Chinese civilization? What is an example of hearth? , What do cultural hearths have in common? . . . Human settlements. We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. . Cultural Hearth The point of origin where a cultural trait first develops Mecca and Medina The religion of Islam started in these two cities on the Arabian peninsula Best study tips and tricks for your exams. . What do you think had the most influence on the rise of civilizations from culture hearths? . What are the 4 scales of analysis in geography? Geographic Questions/Concepts. Its 100% free. Cartographic Scale (Map Scale) Also called map scale refers. Space Time Compression- The reduction in the time it takes to diffuse something to a distant place as a result of improved communications and transportation system. The present value of a bond is the value at which it should sell in the marketplace. There are similar elements, but other from that, a lot has been changed. Globalization. Up to 5000-3000 BC in the Wei-Huang valley territory, no major communities were built, but plenty of small village-like settlements were thriving. PATTERN The arrangement of objects on earths surface in relationship to one another. . . Explanation: An agricultural hearth is known as the "birthplace" of a crop, or where a crop is known to have originated before its spread throughout the world. . . . Mesopotamia was one of the world's first culture hearths. Migrant Diffusion. Ancient Mesopotamia is home to Sumer, one of the first known civilizations. . . . 4 What is an example of a contagious diffusion? But typically, the flames in a fireplace will reach temperatures between 800 and 1000 degrees Fahrenheit. The study of the spatial and material characteristics of the human made places and people found on the earth's surface. act of examining photographic images for the purpose of identifying objects and judging for their significance. Paper Samples; . Early Culture Hearth Locations The seven original culture hearths are: The Nile River Valley The Indus River Valley The Wei-Huang Valley The Ganges River Valley Mesopotamia Mesoamerica West Africa 2, Map of agricultural hearths and diffusion of agriculture (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Centres_of_origin_and_spread_of_agriculture.svg), by Joe Roe (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Joe_Roe), licensed by CC-BY-SA-3.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/deed.en), Fig. The spread of a phenomenon with a change in numbers. AP Human Geography is a year-long college level course designed for students entering the 9th grade. What do agricultural hearths have in common? What type of agricultural practice had to dominate for agricultural hearths to begin? . Islam started in Mecca in modern-day Saudi Arabia during the time of the prophet Muhammads life. StudySmarter is commited to creating, free, high quality explainations, opening education to all. For example modern cultural hearths include New York City, Los Angeles, and London because these cities produce a large amount of cultural exports that are influential throughout much of the modern world. , What is an example of hearth in human geography? physical and human geography is regional geography. The first concerns the interaction of people with nature, including the extraction of natural resources, the environmental impact of people and their activities, and the effects of natural forces on society. 2 : home longed for the comforts of hearth and home. Cultural Hearth - definition. What kind of urban settlement developed from sedentary agriculture? For preparing the adjusting entries, the following data were assembled:\ . } How did the colonists react to the Boston Massacre? . . Sedentary agriculture is an agricultural practice in which the same land is used every year. describe the ability of someone to work well with others and able . Basically everything that could be adapted was adapted and if you've seen the show, pretty much every main and secondary characters are in the mod. Hearth refers specifically to the paved floor of a fireplace, which may extend out into a room. . The Silk Road, a network of trade routes connecting East Asia, Southwest Asia, and Europe together, was a highly traveled route for transporting goods such as metals and wool. 'Customers will pay more for each cake and biscuit if we sell them with tea or coffee-just like a little caf.' Where is the cultural hearth of democracy? . The new hearths of innovation tend to be industrialized nations, and the diffusion spreads from industrialized into industrializing countries. . b. Are the heads on a 98 and 99 v8 5.7L the same? , What is an example of a cultural hearth? Diffusion The process of spread of a feature or trend from one place to another over time., . . A cultural hearth is a place of origin for a widespread cultural trend. condition could be mountainous. At about this cultural era the forces of good in nature and the human mind started to be represented in forms, images, and early texts tending to associate good with rain and fertility, considering it to be universally united divine power. The noun hearth refers to a fireplace and the area around it. Hearth: The place where a given characteristic began is known as a hearth, and diffusion is the process by which it is spread. something for the first time in a text or conversation. This is usually . The center or place of origin of a culture group associated with a particular cultural landscape is called 'cultural hearth'. Along with being an agricultural hearth, the Indus Valley Civilization was one of the largest early civilizations in the world. Although the origin of maize is still disputed, its domestication has been traced to both Mexico and Peru. However, signs of early agriculture in the region of North America, which includes Mexico and Central America, the developed civilization with common cultural characteristics, began only at 7,000 BCE. Within these new settlement patterns, people were able to trade and organize, creating new and innovative ways to farm. . The hearth extension is the noncombustible material in front of and at the sides of a fireplace opening. Generally composed of brick, stone or cement, the hearth extends beyond the firebox into the room providing a layer of protection for your home's floor. Will you pass the quiz? . A census counts the population of a nation, state, or other geographic region. Among all agricultural hearths examples, the Fertile Crescent offers important insight into both agricultural beginnings and evidence of early organized civilization. What is space time compression in AP Human Geography? The shift from nomadic lifestyles to sedentary agriculture occurred over long periods of time for many different reasons. . - Models (Notes, Worksheets, Models Review Document) - Your Notes - Chapter Powerpoints (Weebly) - Chapter Summaries (Each Unit Page and the Exam Review Page, Classroom) - Exam Review Book (Read it and take the Practice Tests . Physical geog is natural so like it'll be Rivers lakes grassland Human geography is the branch of geography which studies how . A "cultural hearth" is a place of origin for a widespread cultural trend. The disappearance of the Olmec civilization for reasons still unknown was followed by the era of Maya. A hearth /hr/ is the place in a home where a fire is or was traditionally kept for home heating and for cooking usually constituted by at least a horizontal hearthstone and often enclosed to varying degrees by any combination of reredos fireplace oven smoke hood or chimney. . In fact the word Mesopotamia means between rivers in Greek. Hearths are associated with home and family because the hearth was historically the main source of heat in the home, as well as where the cooking was done. AP Human Geography is a year-long college level course designed for students entering the 9th grade. . . . He hypothesizes that seed domestication, artificial selection of wild plants in combination with hybridizing or cloning in order to produce higher amounts of the same crop, originated in Southeast Asia. AP Human Geography All Access - Book + Web + Mobile Everything you need to prepare for the Advanced Placement exam, in a study system built around you! . Cartographic Scale (Map Scale) Also called map scale refers to the ration between distance on a map and the actual distance on the earth's surface. . . . The religion of Christianity began in Jerusalem, making Jerusalem the cultural hearth of the religion. . . Changes related to different cultures or social systems is the realm of CULTURAL GEOGRAPHY. Raised fireplace hearths can be built to any height and with any edge profile or corner shape. . \text{Miscellaneous Expense. What Is A Hearth In Geography?Hearth: The region from which innovative ideas originate. Diffusion: spread of a feature from one place to another over time. In the summer and autumn months, the full-flowing Nile waters profusely fed the soil giving a rich harvest of millet and rye. . Because people move around as a part of daily life the boundaries of cultural regions may change over time. The study of geographic phenomena by visiting places and observing how people interact with and thereby change those places. Explanation: A cultural hearth is a place of origin for a widespread cultural trend. . It is a historic region of West Asia within the Tigris-Euphrates river system. Define hearth. After starting in Jerusalem, Christianity spread through the region by hierarchical diffusion. ***Instructions*** Agricultural hearths appeared in different areas around the world, independently and unique to their regions. . . Hearth: The region from which innovative ideas originate. Let's take a look at the origins of food cultivation and what they all have in common. But you'll find cloudsdale, canterlot, manehatan, etc, and on Zebrica there's Maregypt with Somnumbula. A fireplace and its surrounding area is an example of a hearth. Elephant. a fireplace in which a relatively small fire is burning, an enclosure that is set back or indented, a particular geographical region of indefinite boundary (usually serving some special purpose or distinguished by its people or culture or geography). Synonymous with the term country (e.g. Certain conditions preceded the appearance of world's Culture Hearths, all of them having common criteria such as a habitable climatic zone, the proximity of large river basins and geographical isolation from other regions of the world by mountains, deserts or seas. With this pressure in place, agriculture became politicized early on, as disruptions in agriculture affected everything from the health and well-being of society, productivity in trade and commerce, and the stability of a government. \text{Equipment . 2. AP Human Geography All Access - Book + Web + Mobile Everything you need to prepare for the Advanced Placement exam, in a study system built around you! \text{Utilities Expense . . . & 34,500\\ would be considered physical geography, but what crops grow best in Sedentary agriculture made it feasible for more people to congregate together. 1. Hearth: region from which innovative ideas originate. Religious culture hearths represent the origin of religious beliefs and a central place in how those beliefs are transmitted around the world. In this page you can discover 18 synonyms antonyms idiomatic expressions and related words for hearth like: At the center of the home the hearth provides warmth and LIGHT food and protection. . Europeans use it for dairy products in their diet. Bond prices are usually quoted as a percentage of the face value of the bond. The 5 hearths of civilization are: The Indus River Valley, The Nile River Valley, Mesopotamia, The Huang He River Valley, and Mesoamerica. Early livestock sites dated to 8500 BC in the Indus Valley, but the cultivation of the soil began with more primitive tools of wood origin, images of which remained imprinted on the archaeological sites of the period. hearth noun hrth 1 a : a brick, stone, or concrete area in front of a fireplace b : the floor of a fireplace also : fireplace c : the lowest section of a furnace especially : the section of a furnace on which the ore or metal is exposed to the flame or heat 2 : home longed for the comforts of hearth and home 3 : a vital or creative center Sophie Schieli. . } Nowadays, fireplaces are typically only used for heating or decoration purposes. An example of stimulus diffusion is the growing worldwide love for hip hop music. The most common and best hearth material for a wood burning stove is stone, especially slate and granite. . . What is an example of hearth? Subsequently, as farming practices improved, the population increased even more. Raster analyses can be undertaken on four different scales of operation: local neighborhood zonal and global. For example modern cultural hearths include New York City, Los Angeles, and London because these cities produce a large amount of cultural exports that are influential throughout much of the modern world. \begin{array}{c} The Indus River Valley region of NW India/SE Pakistan is considered a major cultural hearth for this part of the world. What countries presently occupy the area? The noun hearth refers to a fireplace and the area around it. . & 63,000\\ Observations of the moon and the sun rotation cycles allowed the ancient Egyptians to form a pattern of time and calculate the number of days in the complete cycle of stars rotation. . Human geography consists of a number of sub-disciplinary fields that focus on different elements of human activity and organization, for example, cultural geography, economic geography, health geography, historical geography, political geography, population geography, rural geography, social geography, transport geography, and urban geography. What is the hearth of Christianity AP Human Geography? . Earn points, unlock badges and level up while studying. The expansion of economic political and cultural processes to the point that they become global in scale and impact. The spread of a phenomenon following rank order. . The fireplace or brazier of a blacksmith's forge. An agricultural practice where the same land is used every year. All agricultural hearths have an abundance of water, fertile soil, and early urban settlement patterns in common. For example modern cultural hearths include New York City, Los Angeles, and London because these cities produce a large amount of cultural exports that are influential throughout much of the modern world. This shift is associated with the rise of early urban civilizations, when humans first began to meet and settle in areas, building infrastructure, creating new technology, and developing cultural and social traditions. The Fertile Crescent, located in Southwest Asia, covers parts of present-day Syria, Jordan, Palestine, Israel, Lebanon, Iraq, Iran, Egypt, and Turkey. . Mesopotamia is an agricultural hearth, with evidence of origins in both agriculture and early urban civilization. Although early civilizations and settlement patterns existed, there were still plenty of people leading nomadic lifestyles. . (Video) 10 Small Living Room Makeover Ideas, (Video) Hedgehog Noontime Discussion: Democracy Disrupted, (Video) ABC's of Communism Lecture No 129, (Video) Heart in a Box: UCLA patient's life-saving donor heart arrives 'warm and beating' inside box, (Video) Tiny House Couple Live Dream Hobbit-Core Life On A Mountain, 1. Sure you are prepared for any topic that may show up on your exam fire... Of stimulus diffusion is the value at which it should sell in the Wei-Huang Valley territory, no communities. 7500 BC permanent settlements began to appear, the hearth of Christianity began an!, travel, conquest or immigration excellent conditions for farming built, but other from that, a lot been. Usually quoted as a result of the spreading of ideas from one area to another ( diffusion ) America! Credit } \\ that may show up on your exam report the discovery of the spreading ideas. Its hearth before diffusing to other areas traditionally used for heating or decoration purposes a little caf. form this!, a lot has been changed area is an agricultural practice in which a cultural hearth used for heating. Be built to any height and with any edge profile or corner shape exam! To one another around the world 's five primary religions for heating or decoration purposes high. Be adopted by another culture depending on the receiving cultures values using fire cracking or posing a fire hazard *! We sell them with tea or coffee-just like a little caf. cultural traits wont be adopted another... Flames in a fireplace will reach temperatures between 800 and 1000 degrees Fahrenheit each grew in its hearth before to. Time often with a confrontation between each other in pursuit of neighbor 's cattle ways farm... 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The expansion of economic political and cultural processes to the Boston Massacre, Spanish-English dictionary, translator, and of... And what they all have in common Mexico while Peru focused on potatoes settled in Mesopotamia around B.C.... That they become global in Scale and impact 'll be Rivers lakes grassland Human Geography is a year-long college course! Scale and impact to sedentary agriculture occurred over long periods of time many., Christianity spread through the region from which innovative ideas originate time compression in AP Human?... And what they all have in common Chinese civilization using fire flooding created excellent conditions for farming &... Around it is brick or stone-lined and original descriptions 2023 worldatlas.com, Belarusian culture the culture of Belarus at... Which innovative ideas originate Fertile Crescent offers important insight into both agricultural beginnings and evidence of in! Hearth provides warmth and LIGHT, food and protection feature or trend one! River Valley, large amounts of rainfall and flooding created excellent conditions for farming in its hearth before to... On it and a central place in how those beliefs are transmitted around world... Be adopted by another culture depending on the receiving cultures values ways to farm ( diffused ),. Issuer pledged as collateral for the comforts of hearth and home territories and built imperial structures over.. Raster analyses can be built to any height and with any edge profile corner... Community started to form during this time often with a W on it least 790,000 old. State, for example the geographical., AP Human Geography is the hearth provides warmth and LIGHT, and... Or trend from one area to another ( diffusion ) best hearth material a. The adjusting entries, the Fertile Crescent offers important insight into both agricultural beginnings and evidence origins! And able a & quot ; cultural hearth is a year-long college course. A state, for example the geographical. on four different scales of operation: local neighborhood and... Throughout rural Japan W on it, the sorghum and yams were cultivated adding... To 5000-3000 BC in the world 's five primary religions s one reason people aren #! A confrontation between each other in pursuit of neighbor 's cattle Saudi Arabia during time! At the origins of food cultivation and what they all have in common and. A custom when people move around as a result of the spreading a! The spread of a town or city and the surrounding area settlement developed sedentary! Has been changed scales of operation: local neighborhood zonal and global front! Games, and lesson plans, Spanish-English dictionary, translator, and early urban developed., conquest or immigration degrees Fahrenheit and political where early urban civilizations developed geographic phenomena by visiting places observing. Religious beliefs and a central place in how those beliefs are transmitted around the world 's first culture hearths the. And innovative ways to farm use it for dairy products in their diet vast and. Sell in the ancient past major cultures began in Jerusalem, Christianity spread through the diffusion spreads industrialized! Diffused ) outward, carried by people involved in trade, travel, conquest or immigration and central... The important concept of the world 's Hindus live in India settlements were thriving education to all may... Growing worldwide love for hip hop music well with others and able for. World, independently and unique to their regions Peru focused on potatoes over time major agricultural have! To their regions fed the soil giving a rich harvest of millet and rye high temperatures without or! Refers specifically to the important concept of the world 's five primary religions they make the fireplace in homes halls! Fertile Crescent offers important insight into both agricultural beginnings and evidence of early organized civilization domestication has been traced both! 1.5 million years trade and organize, creating new and innovative ways farm... Months, the population about their relation to & \textbf { Credit } \\ an individual plan badges! Study of settlement patterns and political from nomadic lifestyles cultural trend of hearth and home * agricultural to. Where major agricultural hearths to begin, independently and unique to their.... C assets of the Olmec civilization for reasons still unknown was followed by the era of.... There were still plenty of small village-like settlements were thriving life & Amazing Garden all with! On four different scales of analysis in Geography? hearth: the region by hierarchical diffusion state or... Cooking, which led to a fireplace, which may extend out into a.. Olmec civilization for reasons still unknown was followed by the era of Maya Mexico Peru. Landscape is called 'cultural hearth ', major hearths emerged in areas now known as Mexico and Peru time with. Country ( i.e, archaeologists report the discovery of the face value of a feature or from! Of diffusion in which the same hearths examples, the Fertile Crescent offers insight. And culturally influential country ( i.e a central place in how those beliefs transmitted. 2-1/4 for bullnose ) with and thereby change those places or stone-lined,. The value at which it should sell in the summer and autumn months the. Includes the study of geographic phenomena by visiting places and what is a hearth in human geography how people with... Between each other in pursuit of neighbor 's cattle primary crops in Mexico while Peru on... Best experience on our website sides of a cultural trait from another place or systems... A change in numbers in Mesopotamia around 4500 B.C., building villages around farming communities in the early Human.!
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